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Since the founding of the State of Israel, relatively few women have served in the Israeli government, and fewer still have served in the leading ministerial offices. While Israel is one of a small number of countries where a woman—Golda Meir—has served as Prime Minister, it is behind most Western countries in the representation of women in both the parliament and government. , women comprise 23% of Israel's 120-member Knesset. For comparison, the female ratio in the Arab world is 6.4%, in European Union average is 17.6% and in Scandinavia over 40%.〔(Women In Israel ) Jewish Virtual Library〕 In the United States of America, women comprise only 19.3% of the House of Representatives. Female representation varies significantly by demographics: most female politicians have represented secular parties, while very few have come from Arab or religious Jewish parties.〔(Women in Public Life ) Jewish Virtual Library〕〔(Current Female Knesset Members ) Knesset website〕 == Women in the leading jobs in the government == Golda Meir is the only woman to serve as the Prime Minister of Israel. She was chosen for the job just before the 1969 elections following the death of Levi Eshkol, and ended her job in 1974. She and Tzipi Livni are the only women who served as Foreign Affairs Ministers, Meir having served in the job for 10 years—from 1956 to 1966. Livni is the only woman to serve in the second most important job in the Israeli government, Vice Prime Minister. Once Golda Meir resigned in 1974, it was another 12 years until another woman was appointed as a minister with a portfolio, when Shoshana Arbeli-Almozlino was appointed Health Minister, and 18 years until a woman was appointed to any other portfolio, Education Minister. After Golda Meir, the leading jobs which women held are as follows: Education Minister for a total of 7 years (5 of them by Limor Livnat, the rest of the time by Shulamit Aloni and Yuli Tamir), and Minister of Communications, also for a total of 7 years (6 years by Shulamit Aloni and Limor Livnat, and 1 year by Dalia Itzik). Tzipi Livni was acting Minister of Justice for a month, and then Minister of Justice for almost a year and a half. Although a few women did succeed in reaching the leading posts in the Israelli government, a number of them hadn't ever been held by women, such as Defense Minister, Internal Security Minister, Finance Minister. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Women in governments of Israel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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